egport.blogg.se - Air navigation map

That makes our service reliable in terms of assurance and integrity. We also look to the future because we have included airport development plans and the implementation of future operational environments in the database. About 900 surfaces or areas to protect operations to and from airports and about 300,000 artefacts or potential obstacles to air navigation, together with runway geography, are stored in the databases for the design of flight instrument procedures. This activity, which has been performed for some 45 airports, has led to the production of about 150 obstacle maps and the definition of about 9.000, which are stored in the database with millimetre accuracy in some cases. Chart production follows all the rules and specifications provided for by ICAO and local requirements, where applicable.Īcquisition of data from customers or through a dedicated topographic survey performed by ENAV’s specialized personnel, using the latest methods and the most advanced equipment available on the market, in order to ensure the availability of: all geo-topographic updated data the significant aerodrome points (THR, RWY END, STAND, holding position, runway profile, etc.) and other significant aerodrome structures geodetic and topographic data of significant obstacles, airport infrastructures and terrain. The charts are usually produced following an obstacle survey performed by ENAV specialists, although certified data provided by the customer can be used as well. In addition, the production/updating of the PATC (Precision Approach Terrain Chart) is usually part of this activity. Obstacle Charts ICAO Type A/B is a service involving the production from scratch or the updating of aerodrome obstacle charts Type A and Type B. The activities are performed by high specialized personnel using the latest methods and the most advanced equipment available on the market. Maintain a good lookout for other aircraft navigating using the same line feature.The airport charts service involves the production and updating of standard ICAO airport charts in accordance with Annexes 4 and 14 and provides all the material required to publish ICAO charts, such as: aerodrome chart aircraft parking docking chart hot spot chart ground movement chart and airport safeguarding maps.Observation of line features can be a useful way of staying clear of controlled airspace.flying on a parallel track that allows constant observation of the feature). Line features are best followed when there is a gap between the track and the feature (e.g.Check that the line feature has the same compass bearing as the one on your map - are you following the right one? The map should be examined to address this issue and make sure the right feature is identified when airborne. Line features are generally unique but can still be mistaken depending on the circumstances (e.g.Therefore suitable line features need to be chosen during flight preparation.

A line feature which looks good on a map may not be easy to locate from the air due to other terrain features.

By contrast, area features are often too large to offer precise position reading and point features can be ambiguous.Īlthough line features usually make orientation and navigation easier, there are several issues that need to be considered: Also, line feature curves offer good precision when determining the aircraft position.

It is usually easier to find unique line features on a map and recognize them from the cockpit.

Also, using such spots is an easy and accurate way to determine one’s position.

The intersection points between two line features can be used as turning points.

Flying along a line feature can often offer high level of position certainty at the price of slight increase of track distance.

They are easy to follow (unlike point and area features).

In many cases the easiest way to re-establish position awareness is spotting a coastline, if one is available. This is especially true when orientation is lost.

They are easy to spot (unlike point features) and identify.

Line features can be very helpful in VFR navigation because:

Area - used to show large 2-D objects with their contours (e.g.

Line - used to show objects that are considered 1-D, i.e.

Objects are usually represented by special symbols.

Point - used to show objects that are considered as one point (e.g.

There are three basic types of features on a map: These VFR navigation maps depict topographic features and other information of interest to pilots flying visually, including major landmarks, terrain elevations, visual navigation routes, ground-based navigation aids, airports, rivers, cities, and airspace boundaries. One of the most common ways to navigate under VFR is by selecting, during the pre-flight briefing, ground features which are marked on the VFR navigation maps and then looking for them on the ground during the flight. Poor VFR navigation technique can result in an airspace infringement.